Eclipsing even the most optimistic expectations, July existing home sales registered a 2-year high this morning, jumping 7.2% from last month. According to Bloomberg, the National Association of Realtors (or NAR) reported that transactions climbed to a 5.24 million annualized pace, the highest rate since August of 2007.

NAR chief economist Lawrence Yun, the man who asserted the housing market’s slide had stopped back in 2006, is now quite certain the worst is behind us: “We are bouncing back, but we still need to wait until year-end before we see price stabilization.”

While on the surface, this report appears to be filled with nothing but rosy news, there is a kernel of caution amongst the positivity. Despite a jump in sales, inventory levels remained high, at 9.4 months’ supply. In other words, as buyers are coming back into the market, so are sellers.

This is a dynamic we have discussed previously here at Cirios Real Estate, and is a primary reason we are more cautious than most when it comes to this nascent housing market recovery. Even as some markets may stabilize, others will continue to fall until prices return to more sustainable, affordable levels.

Want to know which category your market falls into? Contact Cirios today!

Lies, damn lies and (NAR) statistics.

Indeed.

The National Association of Realtors (or NAR) released data today showing that sales of existing homes crept up in June, the 3rd consecutive up month. While sales were a touch lower than they were a year ago, the annualized, seasonally adjusted sale figure was up 3.6% from May. (For more on seasonal adjustments, please read The Magic of Seasonal Adjustments)

This positive data led many pundits and so-called experts to reiterate calls for a bottom in the broad housing market.  “We have finally bottommed out,” Stuart Hoffman, chief econmist at PNC Financial Services told Bloomberg. Hoffman was referring to sales, not necessarily prices, but conventional widsom says that prices follow volume.

Others, like the popular economics blog Calculated Risk, did some actual analysis of the data and came to a different conclusion about the fundamentals of the market:

“It’s important to note that the NAR says about one-third of these sales were foreclosure resales or short sales. Although these are real transactions, this means activity (ex-distressed sales) is much lower.”

The key takeaway is not whether or not the housing market has “bottomed,” but that markets are still being enormously impacted by government backed foreclosure moratoria, first time buyer tax credits and efforts to keep interest rates low. With unemployment stubbornly high, the true outlook for a housing recovery remains uncertain.

Wondering where your market sits on the path to the bottom? Contact Cirios today and we’ll disect your local market like you wouldn’t believe …

Despite markedly higher interest rates and problematic new appraisal guidelines, homebuyers are still stepping back into the market.

The National Association of Realtors said yesterday that pending home sales, which measure new purchase contracts signed, rose in May for the fourth consecutive month. According to Bloomberg, the 0.1% gain from the prior month barely edged out expectations that the gauge would remain unchanged.

Bottom calling is once again en vogue, as an analyst from BMO Capital Markets in Toronto said

“We’re starting to see sales stabilizing. We’ve probably reached bottom or are close to that.”

As discussed in this month’s Cirios Trends, this incessant bottom calling is a farce. To say that “the housing market” has bottomed is a meaningless statement, since local markets often move independently of the broader trend. Anyone calling a bottom in the broad market is likely trying to sell you something, or trying to get their name in the paper.

Only careful analysis of local trends, sales patterns and inventory level can provide insight into the near term direction of home prices. Looking for this very thing for your market? Contact Cirios today!

Home sales in May rose from April, the second straightly monthly increase. According to the National Association of Realtors, or NAR, purchases crept up 2.4% from the prior month, which was less than 3.0% analysis were expecting.

Prices continued their decline, falling 17% from a year ago, dragged down by distressed sales.

As readers of this site know, we rarely have much good to say about the NAR. They are a lobbyist group, plain and simple, and typically put the interests of their constituents (Realtors) above that of buyers and sellers. But this month, the NAR hit the nail on the head with respect to the current home buying environment:

“The increase in sales is less than expected because poor appraisals are stalling transactions. Pending home sales indicated much stronger activity, but some contracts are falling through from faulty valuations that keep buyers from getting a loan,” and “Lenders are using appraisers who may not be familiar with a neighborhood, or who compare traditional homes with distressed and discounted sales.”

Bingo. The new appraisal rules are wreaking havoc in the mortgage market, with loans disastrously hard to get thanks to inept appraisers and appraisal management companies. Coupled with rising interest rates, this does not bode well for the nascent housing “recovery.”

The barrage of positive housing data continued yesterday as April Pending Home Sales — which measure contracts signed for new purchases — jumped 6.7% from a month ago. The index, which is viewed as a leading indicator for future sales, was also up 3.2% from this time last year, according to Bloomberg.

Sales continued to be the strongest in regions dominated by foreclosures, as “bargain” prices, low interest rates and first time homebuyer tax incentives encouraged buyers to step back into the market. Lawrence Yun, the National Association of Realtors’ perennially optimistic Chief Economist, said “The market has already bottomed in some areas, but this is an unusual housing cycle with some areas improving rapidly while others languish or decline.”

In other words, the guy who is supposed to know more about the state of the US housing market than anyone else in the country appears confused by the fact that real estate, in fact, is local.

As reported here at Cirios Real Estate for months, home price trends are becoming increasingly localized, as supply/demand fundamentals down to the street levels drive property values. It’s no longer sufficient to say that home prices in X city, or X county, or even X zip code have done Y. Only analysis down to the neighborhood level can give you an accurate picture of where prices are going for an individual house.

And as housing data steadily improves, it is all the more important for buyers to have price trend experts like Cirios on their side.

The National Association of Realtors, or NAR, released its Pending Home Sales Index today, which showed continued strength in broad housing market data. The report, which measures signed contracts — often viewed as a leading indicator for future sales — came in at 84.6, up from 82.0 last month and the 83.7 reading in March 2008.

Low supply, largely due to banks holding back foreclosure inventory from the market, helped drive buyers to seize on what appear to be the only deals in town.

For the past 2 months, housing market data has gotten less bad, leading many optimistic “experts” to assure the country that the worst is over, and that real estate will be back on its northward way in short order. Nowhere in the carefully-worded press releases from the NAR, however, is mention of the actual cause of dropping supply. The real estate lobby is assuring us recent market “strength” has been caused by tax credits, low interest rates and increased affordability.

And while those factors are indeed driving the demand side of the equation, the supply side of the picture is still being driven by the market for bank owned homes. As lenders are now free, after the lifting of a series of foreclosure moratoria, to release their latent supply of homes onto the market, the true strength of this data–and the alleged green shoots of a recovery–will be put to the test.

By ANDREW JEFFERY

This post first appeared on Minyanville.

As a growing number of economists, pundits and real-estate professionals assure us the housing market’s worst days are over, prospective home buyers need a trusted advocate to make sure they don’t end up on the wrong side of someone else’s trade.

More often than not, that person will come in the form of a real-estate professional working on the buyer’s behalf and earning a commission for their trouble. Below are 5 simple questions you can ask to gauge whether a given candidate is looking out for your best interests - or his or her own.

But first, a word on terminology.

The terms “agent,” “broker” and “realtor” are often thrown around interchangeably. This isn’t exactly right. While laws differ from state to state, acquiring a broker’s license typically requires a series of courses on real estate practices, principals, finance, law, appraisal and the escrow process. A broker can use his license to form a brokerage, and the company can then perform services as a licensed entity.

In many states (like California) a licensed broker can not only conduct real estate transactions, but earn commissions for arranging mortgages and other types of real estate-related loans. For this reason, a brokers license offers the holder huge potential earnings power.

An agent is a step below a broker. While requiring a license, an agent is normally treated as an employee of the broker and thus the broker is responsible for the actions of the agents under his charge. If an agent screws up, his reputation (and license) as well as his broker’s is on the line. Agents can typically conduct the same transactions as a broker, but must do so under the supervision of their boss.

Finally, the term “Realtor” is used to specifically identify a real estate broker or agent who is a member of the National Association of Realtors, or NAR. The NAR is a nationwide trade group that collects member dues, lobbies in Washington and runs marketing campaigns urging Americans to buy homes. The NAR is conspicuous in its role as national housing cheerleader, as it’s chief economist Lawrence Yun has been predicting an imminent bottom in prices since early 2006.

1. Is it a good time to buy?

Of any question a buyer is likely to ask his broker (or agent), this may be the first. And the most important. The answer itself isn’t nearly as important as how the broker responds.

Any broker that says definitely that yes, this is a great time to buy, should be eyed with skepticism. Without knowing a buyer’s specific circumstances, understanding localized market trends and the underlying value of a specific home, saying it is a great time to buy is a sales pitch, pure and simple.

Brokers will often cite low interest rates, high levels of affordability, low replacement costs and home prices that have fallen precipitously from their peaks as reasons its never been a better time to buy. But ask yourself, all those conditions were true six months ago — was it a great time to buy then?

The proper response to this question from a responsible broker is to answer the question with a question, or questions. How much money have you saved? How long do you plan on owning the home? How much money do you make? How much is your other debt service? What are your contingencies if you lose your job? How is your credit? What are your other motivations for wanting to buy?

Only armed with answers to these and other questions can a broker — or a buyer for that matter — determine whether its the right time to buy.

2. Are home prices near a bottom?

As with the previous question, the answer should be in the form of a question. Where and when are you looking to buy? Do you want a move in ready home or one that needs some work?

While there is no crystal ball as to the direction of home prices in the near or long term, a broker should have a clear understanding of the dynamics effecting his or her local market. I hear ad nauseum here in California that home prices are stabilizing because demand is up, prices are down and homes are receiving multiple bids. But those are external symptoms of market machinations underneath the surface.

Foreclosure moratoriums put in place late last year limited the number of bank owned homes dumped onto the market. This constricted supply, and coupled with tax incentives, low interest rates and aggressive marketing from the NAR, led to a situation where in some areas, for some homes, demand outweighs supply. But that doesn’t mean the situation will persist — in fact, the smart money is betting it won’t.

This dynamic is far from ubiquitous, as most high end markets remain illiquid with prices tumbling into an apparent vacuum.

Real estate is, and will always remain, local.

3. How do you determine which homes to show me?

Not to beat a dead horse, but this question should be met with yet another series of questions. What size home are you looking for? Are schools important to you? How close do you want to be to public transportation? Do you care about being within walking distance to shops and restaurants? What style of home do you like? Do you want a yard?

A good real estate broker should be a blank slate, absorbing your preferences, desires and reasons for buying without injecting his own bias. Just because your agent loves a certain home and thinks its a great buy, doesn’t mean it fits your criteria. Don’t be afraid to tell your broker that you don’t like a particular home.

Brokers should show you a variety of homes, below, within and above your price range, to give you a sense of what is out there on the market. With prices still coming down in most areas, you may walk inside your dream house and decide its worth it to keep renting — and saving — for another year until prices fall to something you can afford.

Until you feel comfortable your broker is showing you everything that may fit your criteria, perform your own searches on the myriad free websites out there. Redfin.com is a great resource for the metropolitan areas it covers, while Trulia.com, ziprealty.com and even Realtor.com have excellent free search features.

4. What are my financing options? How much can I afford?

While real-estate brokers are often legally allowed to arrange loans, more often than not its a dicey legal proposition for the broker to sell you a house as well as a mortgage.

Nevertheless, brokers should be well-versed in available financing, rates, qualification requirements and whether sellers require a mortgage pre-approval letter to accompany any offer (these days, most do). If your broker doesn’t know the answer to a certain question, that’s OK as the rules change almost daily, but he should actively pursue the answer and report his findings back without too much delay.

Shopping around for the best loan terms can be a time consuming and confusing process, but it must be done. Gone are the days where Wells Fargo (WFC) always gave you the best rate, or your buddy down at Chase (JPM) could get you a great deal. Keep in mind most loans these days are originated to Fannie Mae (FNM) and Freddie Mac (FRE) guidelines, which means most big lenders offer similar loan programs.

All things being equal, choose a lender you feel you can trust (not just the one offering you the best deal) and always have a backup.

Lastly, never trust a broker to “tell” you how much you can afford. This decision, especially in an environment where home prices are likely to fall for the foreseeable future, should be one each buyer must make for himself.

Plans change, life doesn’t always follow the path you hope it does. Being conservative in what you can afford, leaving a cushion and planning for the unexpected are paramount in today’s uncertain market conditions.

5. Provide me with examples of a few closings you are the most proud of over the past year.

This question gives your broker a bit of an opening to sell himself, and will go along way towards helping figure out whose side he is actually on. If your broker launches into a a story about this cute young couple he helped get into the house of their dreams, move along, cute young couples rarely make savvy home buying decisions and are easy prey for aggressive brokers. Also pass if you hear things like, “I found this great house right when it came on the market, we jumped at it and got in before the other buyers had a chance to bid.”

Sellers, by and large, are still unrealistic about how much they can sell their homes for. This means that when houses come out onto the market, the asking price is nearly always above where it will actually go for. Be patient, make your broker work for his money.

Although there are situations where multiple bids will come in from prospective buyers, chances are this isn’t a house you want to buy. Most of this sort of activity is going on in areas with high levels of foreclosures. Now that the moratoria are lifted, banks will start flooding the market again come next month. All that great news about limited supply will become ancient history as prices plunge once again. The house itself may be great, but just because homes are “cheap,” doesn’t mean they won’t get cheaper.

A good response is one where a broker tells you a story of a buyer he worked with for months, go to know a few neighborhoods that fit all the pertinent criteria, and waited for the right house to come on the market. Many sellers will list their house at a “hopeful” price for the first 30 or 45 days, then drop it down to something more reasonable. Rarely will a house sold in the first couple weeks be a “steal” for the buyer.

Your broker should stress that patience, research and shrewd negotiating got his client a great home at a great price.

To be sure, there are other questions to ask of a prospective broker, but this is a good start. Finding a broker should be treated like a job interview, after all, even though the commission may not be coming out of your pocket, you, as the buyer, end up paying one way or another. Make sure your broker is worth his salt.

By ANDREW JEFFERY

This post first appeared on Minyanville.

Residential real estate is about to get very weird.

In the coming months, housing-market data is likely to show price stabilization in many of the country’s hardest hit areas. Pundits, government officials and real-estate professionals will loudly proclaim the worst of our real estate woes are behind us. Back in reality, however, this data will simply reinforce the axiom that there are lies, damn lies, and statistics.

The lion share of home price declines have, thus far, been focused in low-end markets -areas where property values became the most detached from housing-market fundamentals. Even though the high end is now declining, sales activity is still heavily concentrated in the country’s most distressed markets.

Taking a look at the data below compiled by my firm, Cirios Real Estate — which depict sales transactions for the part of the San Francisco Bay Area between San Francisco and San Jose known as the Peninsula — one can see how rising home prices from 2003 to 2007 shifted sales transactions towards more expensive properties. This makes intuitive sense, and should naturally push up both average and median home prices.

Click to enlarge

Since the market peaked, however, notice how the percentage of sales of homes under $400,000 shot up to more than 50% of sales in the first quarter of this year, from as low as 9% in 2007.

Conversely, sales over $1,000,000 that accounted for almost a quarter of transactions in 2007 now make up less than 9% of total sales so far in 2009.

This heavy concentration of sales in low-end markets is skewing home price data to the downside, exaggerating the impact of depressed markets on broad measures of prices.

As the foreclosure epidemic spreads outwards to more well-to-do areas, and job losses force previously stable homeowners to sell into a weak high-end market, more expensive homes will begin to make up a greater percentage of total transactions. This dynamic — not an overall rise in property values — is likely to push up average and median home price measures.

In other words, high-end markets will be falling as price discovery rears its ugly head, while low-end markets are flat at best, as price declines reach exhaustion levels and investors step in to buy. High levels of supply and looming shadow inventory of foreclosures will prevent meaningful appreciation in these distressed areas for the foreseeable future.

Meanwhile, data will show a housing market on the rebound.

No doubt, banks like Wells Fargo (WFC), Citigroup (C) and Bank of America (BAC) will cheer the end of the real-estate slump. Real estate professionals will pound the table that now’s the time to buy (just like they said back in 2007). Government officials will proudly assert their mortgage-relief efforts were a success.

Nothing, however, could be further from the truth.

Following a pattern set with both existing home sales and new homes sales, pending home sales bounced in February, up 2.1% from the previous month. The National Association of Realtors’ released its monthly index that tracks the number of signed contracts, showing a gain to 82.1, from 80.4 in January. A reading under 100 indicates a depressed market.

It seems everyone is jumping on the home buying wagon, even the chief economist at Standard and Poors is getting bullish “We are seeing a bottom in housing sales. People are coming in as bargain hunters. This is a good time to be buying a house.”

Meanwhile, home prices keep tumbling — the S&P Chase/Shiller Home Price Index recorded its worst monthly decline on record and one Barclays analyst said she doesn’t expect home prices to bottom until next year

Typically, home sales find a bottom prior to prices. As inventory is worked off, supply becomes more constricted and the power slowly shifts away from buyers and towards sellers. In the frenzy to be the first to accurately call a bottom, bold analysts are throwing caution, and the notion that one month does not a trend make, to the wind.

But rest assured, those same analysts will be calling this pop an anomaly when the data come around in another 30 days.

By ANDREW JEFFERY

This post first appeared on Minyanville.

This week, 2 data points led optimistic market-watchers to declare the bottom in the housing is nigh: Indeed, one widely read trader-writer proclaimed, “The oversupply of housing that so plagues the market at present will be a figment of our memory a few months hence.”

The first: On Monday, the National Association of Realtors said existing home sales jumped 5.1% in February compared to the previous month, largely due to the high number of foreclosures being dumped onto the market by big banks like JPMorgan Chase (JPM), Bank of America (BAC) and Wells Fargo (WFC).

While indicative of buyers gingerly dipping their toes back into the market, existing home sales are still down 13.4% from a year ago.

The second: On Wednesday, the Commerce Department released data on February new home sales which showed a similar trend: Transactions bounced 4.7% from January, but remain a whopping 41% below sales this time last year. Nevertheless, shares of beleaguered homebuilders like Centex (CTX) and Lennar (LEN) had stellar performances this week, capping a nearly 100% gain since the beginning of the month.

Prices, however, continue to slide for both existing and new homes. And while median (and average, for that matter) price data is skewed to the downside due to the mix of homes sold in a given period — in this case, more cheap houses than expensive ones — property values remain in a decidedly downward trend.

But since transactions typically find a bottom prior to prices, the number of people who believe prices should stabilize in the near future is growing.

Examining the data, unfortunately, tells a different story. Below is a chart produced by my firm, Cirios Real Estate, showing home prices and sales transactions in for the eastern part of the San Francisco Bay Area. The East Bay is a fairly representative sample of California housing markets: A little high-end, a little middle-class and a little low-rent all mixed in.

Click to enlarge

The red line shows average home prices, while the blue line shows sales transactions, as measured by their change from a year ago. Notice how, even as sales have spiked from the previous year, prices continue to plunge.

Two things jump out at me on this graph (aside from the massive increase in transactions and precipitous decline in prices):

First, transactions began to ramp up as prices moved down toward levels where borrowers could get government-backed loans to buy homes. That means Fannie Mae (FNM), Freddie Mac (FRE) and the FHA have financed a whole swath of homes in the past 18 months that are now severely underwater.

Second, transactions bottomed in September 2007, not long after the market peaked. 18 months have passed and prices have dropped more than 50% since that time.

With that in mind, the current “euphoria” over housing data — after a single month-over-month increase in sales, when year-over-year measures remain well behind even last year’s weak totals — seems a bit premature.

This is not to say prices will never stabilize, or that increased sales are a bad thing. In fact, the more sales we have, the quicker price discovery happens and the faster a true bottom can be found. Nor is this some proclamation that this part of California is a perfect proxy for home prices nationwide.

But given the backlog of foreclosed homes sitting on the books of the major American banks, continued price declines across the country and tight mortgage market conditions, calls for the devouring of supply by voracious home buyers causing an imminent housing bottom is downright premature.

To be sure, we may be one step closer to a housing bottom, but that’s one step on a very, very long path.